更新时间：作者：小小条
高考英语语法it that和one代词用法辨析
it，that和one作为替代词的用法
第一个版本
(1) it代替的是前面提到的同一名称的同一事物，即同名同物。所代名词可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。
例如：① And today, if you go to Salt Lake City, you can see a mountain with seagulls on top of it.
(it代替可数名词mountain) 今天，如果你去盐湖城，你会看到一座山，在山顶上有很多海鸥。
② He cast his net for the first time, and drew in the body of an animal. He cast it a second time... (it代替可数名词net)
他第一次撒下网，拖上一具动物尸体。第二次他撒下网……
(2) one代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任何一个。所代名词只能是可数名词。其前可带冠词，还可被this，that或形容词修饰，其后也可有定语。
例如：① The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today. (one代替可数名词problem)
人口问题或许是当今世界上最大的问题。
② -- Which jacket is yours? 哪一件上衣是你的?-- The white one. (one代替可数名词jacket)白的。
(3) that代替前面提到的同名异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词，但其前不能有修饰语。
例如：① The doctor in our school is younger than that in their school.
(that代替可数名词the doctor，不能用one代替，但可用the one代替)我们的校医比他们的年轻。
② The weather of this week is worse than that of last week.
(that代替不可数名词the weather)本周的天气比上周的天气要糟。
③The quality of iron produced in your factory is better than that in their factory.
(that代替不可数名词the quality) 你们厂生产的铁的质量比他们厂的好。
(4) 如果前面提到的名词是复数形式，为避免重复，则可视具体情况分别用they，them，ones或those代替。例如：① -- What's in these cups? 什么在这些杯子里? -- There's some tea in them. (them 代替cups)有些茶。
② He thought it over carefully and concluded that heavy objects always fell faster than light ones. (ones代替objects) 他仔细考虑并且推断出重的物体比轻的物体落得快。
③ Those weren't the right men, professor. (those代替men) 那些人不合适，教授。
第二个版本：
1.The weather of Wuhan is hotter than that of Guangzhou.
2.This book is better than the one I bought yesterday.
3. The dog is fatter than it was a month ago.
第一题中，that = the weather
第二题中，the one = the book。它们都是替代词，因为第一题谈到的是二种不同的天气，第二题谈到的是二本不同的书。即所谓同名异物。
另外，one只能代表可数名词的单数。one做一般代词时，one = a + 名词
第三题中，it = the dog，题中提到的是同一只狗
Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _______ I will always treasure.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
正确答案是B。本题主要是考查考生对代词 it ,that 和one的区别。本题中的one是 an unforgettable moment之同位语，之后跟一个由that引起的定语从句，that又可以省去。
又如：——Why don't you take a little break?
——Didn't we just have ______ ?
A.it B. that C. one D. this 正确答案是 C。
例题：1.MrZhang gave the books to all the pupils except ____ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others
2.——Did you have my pen, Mary? ——Yes, I have ______ right here.
A. one B. it C. this D. that
3.I have no bookshelf in my room ,so I'm going to make ________ myself .
A. it B. this C. that D. one
4. ---- May I help you with some gloves, sir?
------Yes, I'd like to try on those blues ______ .
A. those B. ones C. two D. pair
5.The monkey's hands are very skilled like ________ .
A. a man B. that of a man C. those of a man D. one of a man
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