更新时间：作者：小小条
高中英语语法 之 主谓一致的讲解与练*
主谓一致：即主语和谓语保持人称和数的一致
一、谓语动词用单数的情况：
1.下列名词作主语时谓语动词用单数
1)可数名词单数形式；不可数名词；
2)表示时间、距离、金钱、度量、容量、书刊名等的名词；
3)有不定代词each/every/no/many a所修饰的名词或它们修饰并有and 连接的并列名词，即each+单数名词+and+(each)+单数名词；
4)以-ics结尾表示学科的名词；
5)the number of 修饰的复数名词
6)集体名词表示整体时（family家庭）
7)非谓语动词、从句作主语时
提醒:当两个或两个以上的不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但如果属于同一个概念，谓语动词仍用单数。
8)引号中的词作为整体看待时
9)“Either/Neither/None of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数，有时可以用复数
二、谓语动词要用复数的情况：
1)可数名词复数；
2)集体名词表示个体时（family家人）
三、分数、量词等作主语是谓语动词的数
1)“分数或百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。
提醒：population属于集体名词，有时可以与a连用，指人口总数或总称；但如果被百分数、分数或some等词修饰时，则表示部分人口，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；使用large, big, small等形容词来修饰。
2)“many a+单数名词”接单数动词；“a good (great) many+复数名词”接复数动词。
3)“a/an+单数名词+or two”大多接单数动词；“one or two+复数名词”接复数动词
4)“a/an+单数名词+and a half”常接单数动词； “one and a half+复数名词”多接复数动词，也可接单数动词。
5)“more than one+单数名词”接单数动词
“more + 复数名词+than one”接复数动词；“more than two (three…)+复数名词”接复数动词
6)主语前加表示单位、度量的短语如“a kind (sort/type …) of ”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语的单复数形式。
四、连接词与主谓一致
1. 两个作主语的单数名词或代词由and, both … and …连接时，根据语法一致的原则，谓语动词用复数形式。但当并列主语指的是同一个人、同一个物、同一件事（这时and后的名词前不加冠词）或表示一个单一概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
五、承前原则
当主语后面有介词with, together with, including等时，谓语动词应和前面主语在人称和数上保持一致。
六、就近原则
两个或两个以上主语由neither …nor…; either … or…; or; not only … but also …连接时，通常依据就近原则，谓语动词与它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
跟踪练*
1.The old ____well looked after by the government in China.
A.is B.are C.has been D.was
2.The secretary and manager____very busy now.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
3.Tom as well as two of his classmates ____invited to the party.
A.was B.were C.have been D.had been
4.Either you or I____going to the teachers office after class.
A.am B.is C.are D.will
5.Most of his spare time____spent in reading.
A.are B.were C.was D.have been
6.Ten thousand dollars____quite a large sum.
A.are B.is C.were D.have
7.Not only Tom but also his wife ____fond of watching television.
A.are B.were C.be D.is
8.When and where to build the new factory____yet.
A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided
9.Each of the students ____a Chinese-English dictionary.
A.have B.has C.there is D.there are
10.They each____a beautiful handkerchief.
A.have B.has C.there is D.there are
11.A number of students ____from the south.
A.are B.is C.have D.has
12.The number of students____ from the north small.
A.are B.is C.have D.has
13.All but one____here just now.
A.is B.was C.has been D.were
14.Many a man_____decided to help us.
A.has B.have C.is D.are
参考答案: BAAAC BDABA ABDA
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