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考查谓语动词时态及语态语法填空例析
“一般过式时”是近几年语法填空谓语动词考查的重点。此外，还考查了“过去进行时”以及表虚拟语气的“had done结构”。
[例1] The sun was setting when my car 31 (break) down near a remote and poor village. (2007年广东省高考)
解析：broke。sb. was doing sth. when sth. did表示“某人正在做某事时，这时发生了……”。
[例2] Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not a pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or 34 (push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. (2009年广东省高考)
解析：pushed。根据前面的连词or可知，此处应用一般过去时与stepped在时态上保持一致。stepped和pushed作并列谓语。
[例3] After a four-day journey, the young man 33 (present) the water to the old man.
(2010年广东省高考)
解析：presented。年轻人把水赠送给老年人是过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。
[例4] He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.
(2011年广东省高考)
解析：was pretending。根据下文giving it a voice可知，此处应用过去进行时。was pretending和(was) giving作并列谓语。
[例5] He walked in as if he 17 (buy) the school. (2012年广东省高考)
解析：had bought。as if从句所表达的内容与事实相反，表示对过去的虚拟，故用had done结构。
[例6] Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 40 (inform).
(2009年广东省高考)
解析：was informed。她的母亲高兴地说：“你的父亲最终决定戒烟了。” Jane被告知。由于动作发生在过去并且Jane是动作的承受者，故此处填was informed。
[例7] Suddenly, he 16 (find) that he had run out of salt. (2013年广东省高考)
解析：found。宾语从句中的had run out of salt为过去完成时，所以主句应为一般过去时。故此处填found。
4.考查形容词或副词的比较级
近几年来，出现了对单音节形容词或副词比较级的考查。
[例1] The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 39 (sweet).” (2010年广东省高考)
解析：sweeter。根据句子逻辑含义及语法可知，此处应填sweet的比较级sweeter。“nothing(具有否定含义的不定代词)+谓语+形容词比较级”表达最高级含义。句意为：没有什么比它更甜的了(言外之意它是最甜的)。
[例2] He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 38 (high). (2008年广东省高考)
解析：higher。根据句子逻辑含义及语法可知，此处应填high的比较级higher。句意为：这样做了一整天之后，他非常劳累，但是他觉得很高兴，因为庄稼确实“长得”更高了。
[例3] It might have made it a little 21 (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. (2012年广东省高考)
解析：harder。
根据句子逻辑含义及语法可知，此处应填hard的比较级harder。句意为：对于所有的人（学生）来说，这更加困难，因为他们不得不转身，但这并不能阻止班上的孩子们（这样做）。
【跟踪训练】
1. Hur
ry up, kids! The school bus (wait) for us!
2. Briggs will take over as general manager when Mitchell (retire).
3. It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber (rescue).
4. He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he (have) it for a very long time.
5. We are confident that the environment (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
6. The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers (repair) one of the main pipes.
7. I felt very tired when I got home, and I (go) straight to bed.
8. A Midsummer Night’s Dream (open) at the Theatre Royal next week, and then tours throughoutScotland.
9. “What do you want to be?” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I (be) president,” said the boy, with a smile.
10. — I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon
.
— I’m so sorry. But I (do) my homework.
11. From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface (cover) by water.
12. I’m calling about the apartment you (advertise) the other day. Could you tell me more about it?
13. It’s much (easy) to make friends when you have similar interests.
14. I think I am a (nice) person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not forget these experiences.
15. It may not be a great suggestion. But before a (good) one is put forward, we’ll make do with it.
参考答案及解析：
1. is waiting。由Hurry up可知，说话者表述正在发生的事，故此处使用现在进行时。
2. retires。主句中的will take over为将来时态，那么when引导的时间状语从句须用一般现在时表将来，故填retires。
3. was rescued。根据前面的was可知，rescue这一动作发生在过去，另climber为rescue这一动作的承受者，故此处填was rescued。
4. had had。根据句子意思可知，have这一动作发生在sold之前，故使用过去完成时。
5. will be improved。根据are和further可知，improve这一动作发生在将来，又因为improve和environment为逻辑上的动宾关系，故使用被动语态。
6. are repairing。根据has been cut off temporarily可知，水源已被切断且还未恢复，故repair这一动作还正在进行中，所以此处应为现在进行时，填are repairing。
7. went。由并列连词and和前面的felt可知，go这一动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时。
8. opens。虽然next week表将来的时间，但根据and then tours可知，此处为一般现在时表将来，填opens。一般现在时可以表示按规定、计划或时间表要发生的事。
9. will be。根据前面的问句可知，小男孩是在谈论还未实现的将来的理想，故此处填will be。
10. was doing。因为答语是针对过去一个具体的时间点进行解释的，故使用过去进行时。
11. is covered。根据句子意思可知，此处是在陈述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，又因为about seventy-one percent of its surface是cover这一动作的承受者，所以填is covered。
12. advertised。the other day意为“前几天”，故此处为一般过去时。
13. easier。much可修饰形容词的比较级，再根据句意可知，此处应填easy的比较级形式easier。
14. nicer。根据后面的than可知，此处应填形容词的比较级形式。
15. better。根据句子意思可知，此处是指“一个更好的建议”，故填better。
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