更新时间:作者:小小条
以下按英语常考的八大核心句型分类,每类精选10例典型句式,附结构解析与考点提示,覆盖中高考高频考点:

一、主谓句型(S+V)
结构:主语+不及物动词(表动作/状态,无宾语)
1. The sun rises.(太阳升起。)
2. Birds sing loudly.(鸟儿大声歌唱。)
3. They laughed.(他们笑了。)
4. The bell rang.(铃声响了。)
5. Leaves fall in autumn.(树叶在秋天落下。)
6. He works hard.(他努力工作。)
7. We arrived late.(我们到迟了。)
8. Time flies.(时光飞逝。)
9. The fire burned.(火在燃烧。)
10. Children played outside.(孩子们在外面玩。)
考点:不及物动词后不可直接加宾语,需加介词(如arrived at the station,不可说arrived the station)。
二、主谓宾句型(S+V+O)
结构:主语+及物动词+宾语(名词/代词/动名词等)
1. She likes music.(她喜欢音乐。)
2. I finished my homework.(我完成了作业。)
3. He bought a book.(他买了一本书。)
4. They plant trees every year.(他们每年种树。)
5. We enjoy swimming.(我们喜欢游泳。)
6. She knows him.(她认识他。)
7. He lost his key.(他丢了钥匙。)
8. I remember your name.(我记得你的名字。)
9. They built a house.(他们建了一栋房子。)
10. She loves reading novels.(她喜欢读小说。)
考点:及物动词必须接宾语(如不可说“She likes.”,需补全宾语)。
三、主系表句型(S+LinkV+P)
结构:主语+系动词+表语(形容词/名词/介词短语等)
1. He is a teacher.(他是一名教师。)
2. The soup tastes delicious.(汤尝起来很美味。)
3. They seem happy.(他们似乎很高兴。)
4. The flowers are beautiful.(花很漂亮。)
5. This feels soft.(这摸起来很软。)
6. She became a doctor.(她成了一名医生。)
7. The weather turned cold.(天气变冷了。)
8. He looks tired.(他看起来很累。)
9. The story sounds interesting.(这个故事听起来很有趣。)
10. The book is on the desk.(书在桌子上。)
考点:表语用形容词(delicious),不用副词(不可说tastes deliciously)。
四、主谓双宾句型(S+V+IO+DO)
结构:主语+及物动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
1. She gave me a pen.(她给了我一支钢笔。)
2. He bought his mother a gift.(他给妈妈买了一份礼物。)
3. I teach them English.(我教他们英语。)
4. She told us a story.(她给我们讲了一个故事。)
5. He sent her a letter.(他寄给她一封信。)
6. They offered me a job.(他们给我提供了一份工作。)
7. I passed him the ball.(我把球传给了他。)
8. She cooked us dinner.(她为我们做了晚饭。)
9. He showed me his photos.(他给我看了他的照片。)
10. They brought the kids candies.(他们给孩子们带了糖果。)
考点:双宾动词搭配介词(give sth to sb,buy sth for sb,不可混淆)。
五、主谓宾补句型(S+V+O+C)
结构:主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)
1. We made him happy.(我们让他开心。)
2. I saw her dance.(我看见她跳舞。)
3. They keep the room clean.(他们保持房间干净。)
4. He painted the wall white.(他把墙刷成了白色。)
5. We call her Lily.(我们叫她莉莉。)
6. I found the door open.(我发现门开着。)
7. She asked me to stay.(她让我留下。)
8. They elected him monitor.(他们选他当班长。)
9. I heard her singing.(我听见她在唱歌。)
10. The news made us excited.(这个消息让我们很兴奋。)
考点:使役动词(make/let/have)后不定式宾补省to(被动句需还原:He was made to work.)。
六、状语从句(以时间、条件、原因从句为例)
结构:连词+从句+主句(表时间、条件、原因等逻辑关系)
1. 时间:When I arrived, she was cooking.(我到的时候,她正在做饭。)
2. 时间:While he read, I wrote.(他看书时,我在写字。)
3. 时间:I waited until she came back.(我一直等到她回来。)
4. 条件:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。)
5. 条件:Unless you study hard, you’ll fail.(除非你努力学*,否则会不及格。)
6. 条件:As long as you try, you’ll succeed.(只要你尝试,就会成功。)
7. 原因:Because he was ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.(因为生病,他没参加会议。)
8. 原因:Since you know the truth, tell me.(既然你知道真相,告诉我吧。)
9. 原因:As it was late, we went home.(因为天晚了,我们就回家了。)
10. 让步:Though he is young, he knows a lot.(虽然他年轻,但懂得很多。)
考点:if条件句“主将从现”;while从句多接延续性动词(如reading/writing)。
七、定语从句
结构:先行词+关系词(who/which/that等)+从句(修饰先行词)
1. The girl who is standing there is my sister.(站在那儿的女孩是我妹妹。)
2. This is the book which I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的书。)
3. The man that you met is my uncle.(你见到的那个男人是我叔叔。)
4. I’ll never forget the day when we met.(我永远忘不了我们见面的那一天。)
5. This is the house where I lived.(这是我住过的房子。)
6. The boy whose father is a doctor studies hard.(爸爸是医生的那个男孩学*很努力。)
7. The car, which is red, belongs to him.(那辆红色的车是他的。)
8. Do you know the student whom the teacher praised?(你认识老师表扬的那个学生吗?)
9. This is the reason why he left.(这是他离开的原因。)
10. The novel that we read last week is interesting.(我们上周读的那本小说很有趣。)
考点:that不可用于非限制性定语从句(逗号后需用which);关系词在从句中作宾语时可省略(如The book (that) I bought...)。
八、强调句(It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他)
结构:强调句框架+被强调部分(主/宾/状)+其余部分
1. It was he who helped me.(是他帮了我。——强调主语he)
2. It was a book that she bought.(她买的是一本书。——强调宾语a book)
3. It was in the park that we met.(我们是在公园见面的。——强调地点状语)
4. It was yesterday that they arrived.(他们是昨天到的。——强调时间状语)
5. It is English that I like best.(我最喜欢的是英语。——强调宾语English)
6. It was my mother who cooked dinner.(是妈妈做的晚饭。——强调主语my mother)
7. It was with great effort that he succeeded.(他是靠巨大的努力才成功的。——强调方式状语)
8. It was here that I lost my key.(我是在这里丢的钥匙。——强调地点状语)
9. It was Tom whom you saw.(你见到的是汤姆。——强调宾语Tom)
10. It was in 2020 that we graduated.(我们是2020年毕业的。——强调时间状语)
考点:去掉It is/was和that/who后,句子仍完整(如He helped me. 结构成立,确认是强调句);强调时间/地点不用when/where,需用that。
学*提示:每种句型需先掌握核心结构,再通过例句体会语境,重点区分易混点(如定语从句vs强调句、主谓宾vs主谓双宾),结合真题练*可快速巩固。
版权声明:本文转载于今日头条,版权归作者所有,如果侵权,请联系本站编辑删除