更新时间:作者:小小条
一、英语句法特征(Features of the Syntax)

句子由各个不同的部分组成,这些部分就是句子成分。分句主要由主语(S)、谓语(P)、表语(Pre)、宾语(O)、补语(SC/OC)、定语(Atr)、状语(Adv)、同位语(App)等构成。
2. 规律排列
句子中的各个成分按主语(S)、谓语(P)、表语(Pre)、宾语(O)、补语(SC/OC)、定语(Atr)、状语(Adv)、同位语(App)等不同的规律安排,如简单句的6种基本句式。
例句1:My sister studies English.(S + Vt + O 结构)
例句2:We elected him our monitor.(S + Vt + O + OC 结构)
3. 形合连接
句子中各意群、成分或分句的结合通常(除简单句外)都用适当的连接词(连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等)连接起来,表达语法关系和逻辑关系。
例句1:The sentence may be correct grammatically, but it is not good English.
例句2:My father is a man that always keeps his words.
例句3:I don't doubt who John will come on time.
4. 物称倾向
句子往往采用无生命或无生命事物的词语做主语,在新闻、科技、学术文献及某些文学作品中用得较多。
例句1:Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.(这位使全世界发出笑声的人自己却饱受辛酸)
例句2:His weariness and increasing heat forced him to give up the race.(疲惫与酷热迫使他放弃比赛)
二、高考命题点 (Proposition Points of College Entrance Examination)
1. 重点考查句法在情景性和交际性语境中的应用;在阅读题中有时需借助句法知识分析句式,在书面表达中,只有具备最基本的遣词造句能力,才能写出句型地道、表达清楚的句子。
2. 高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上,如:and、but、or、while以及其他连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。
3. 对各种主从复合句的考查,常常与动词的时态连系在一起,以宾语从句和状语从句为最明显。对时间状语从句和条件状语从句的考查,经常考查主句是将来时,从句用一般式表将来。此外,考查从句的语序、时态一致、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等容易混淆连接词的用法区别。
三、高考真题与答案(Questions and Answers of College Entrance Exam )
1. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ______ their education that the two generations misunderstand each other.
A.like B.as C.or D.but
2. ______ we understand has a lot to do with what we feel.
A.Where B.How C.Why D.When
3. ----Peter please send us postcards ______ we'll know where you have visited.
------No problem.
A.but B.or C.for D.so
4. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great invention.
A.that B.as C.where D.when
5. I work not because I have to, ______ because I want to.
A.while B.but C.and D.or
6. China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot__it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.(语法填空题)
答案:1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.but 6. where
版权声明:本文转载于今日头条,版权归作者所有,如果侵权,请联系本站编辑删除